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hardening [2019/02/07 17:31] – [Aide] adminhardening [2024/11/30 10:22] (current) – [Managing Accounts] dani
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-====== Hardening ======+====== Hardening on CentOS ======
  
 ===== Updates ===== ===== Updates =====
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 Usually the password and account ageing is configured in ''/etc/shadow''. Next picture describes the ''chage'' tool and the ''shadow'' file: Usually the password and account ageing is configured in ''/etc/shadow''. Next picture describes the ''chage'' tool and the ''shadow'' file:
  
-{{:images/Hardening/users.png| User management}}+{{:images:users.png?direct&600|User management}}
  
 === PAM Modules === === PAM Modules ===
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   * Prepare server for ''ipa-server'' package installation   * Prepare server for ''ipa-server'' package installation
  
-<code shell> +<code bash> 
-chkconfig NetworkManager off; service NetworkManager stop ... vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE="eth0" BOOTPROTO="static" HWADDR="52:54:00:00:00:FA" IPV6INIT="yes" MTU="1500" NM_CONTROLLED="no" ONBOOT="yes" TYPE="Ethernet" UUID="383d9eaa-ac8a-43ff-96d9-fe76e9200877" IPADDR=192.168.0.101 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.0.254 DNS1=192.168.0.254+chkconfig NetworkManager off; service NetworkManager stop 
 +... 
 +vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 
 +DEVICE="eth0" 
 +BOOTPROTO="static" 
 +HWADDR="52:54:00:00:00:FA" 
 +IPV6INIT="yes" 
 +MTU="1500" 
 +NM_CONTROLLED="no" 
 +ONBOOT="yes" 
 +TYPE="Ethernet" 
 +UUID="383d9eaa-ac8a-43ff-96d9-fe76e9200877" 
 +IPADDR=192.168.0.101 
 +NETMASK=255.255.255.0 
 +GATEWAY=192.168.0.254 
 +DNS1=192.168.0.254
  
-vim /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost ::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 192.168.0.X+100 serverX.example.com serverX+vim /etc/hosts 
 +127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 
 +::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 
 +192.168.0.X+100 serverX.example.com serverX
  
 chkconfig network on; service network restart chkconfig network on; service network restart
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 <code bash> <code bash>
-kinit admin Password for admin@EXAMPLE.COM: redhat13+kinit admin  
 +Password for admin@EXAMPLE.COM: redhat13
  
 ipa user-find admin ipa user-find admin
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 <code bash> <code bash>
-getent passwd admin   getent group admins   kinit admin+getent passwd admin    
 +getent group admins    
 +kinit admin
 </code> </code>
  
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 <code bash> <code bash>
-ipa user-add gpyle --first=Gomer --last=Pyle --password   ipa user-add cboyle --first=Charles --last=Boyle --password   ...+ipa user-add gpyle --first=Gomer --last=Pyle --password    
 +ipa user-add cboyle --first=Charles --last=Boyle --password    
 +...
 </code> </code>
  
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 <code bash> <code bash>
-ipa sudocmd-add --desc "For displaying logs" /usr/bin/tail   ipa sudocmdgroup-add --desc "List logs" loglist   ipa sudocmdgroup-add-member --sudocmds "/usr/bin/tail" loglist   ipa sudorule-add --hostcat "all" loglist-attr   ipa sudorule-add-option loglist-attr   Sudo Option: !authenticate   ipa sudorule-add-user --groups marines loglist-attr   ipa sudorule-add-allow-command --sudocmdgroups loglist loglist-attr+ipa sudocmd-add --desc "For displaying logs" /usr/bin/tail    
 +ipa sudocmdgroup-add --desc "List logs" loglist    
 +ipa sudocmdgroup-add-member --sudocmds "/usr/bin/tail" loglist    
 +ipa sudorule-add --hostcat "all" loglist-attr    
 +ipa sudorule-add-option loglist-attr   Sudo Option: !authenticate    
 +ipa sudorule-add-user --groups marines loglist-attr    
 +ipa sudorule-add-allow-command --sudocmdgroups loglist loglist-attr
 </code> </code>
  
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   * Create and change into directory (''ca'')   * Create and change into directory (''ca'')
  
-<code bash> +<code shell> 
-mkdir ca   cd ca+mkdir ca    
 +cd ca
 </code> </code>
  
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 Common name: serverX.example.com Common name: serverX.example.com
  
-Is this a TLS web client certificate? (y/N): y Is this also a TLS web server certificate? (y/N): y+Is this a TLS web client certificate? (y/N): y  
 +Is this also a TLS web server certificate? (y/N): y
  
 </code> </code>
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 <code bash> <code bash>
-certtool --generate-certificate --load-request serverX-request.pem --outfile serverX-cert.pem --load-ca-certificate ca.pem --load-ca-privkey ca-key.pem+certtool --generate-certificate --load-request serverX-request.pem --outfile serverX-cert.pem \ 
 +--load-ca-certificate ca.pem --load-ca-privkey ca-key.pem
  
 The certificate will expire in (days): 1000 The certificate will expire in (days): 1000
  
-Is this a TLS web client certificate? (y/N): y Is this also a TLS web server certificate? (y/N): y Enter a dnsName of the subject of the certificate: serverX.example.com+Is this a TLS web client certificate? (y/N): y  
 +Is this also a TLS web server certificate? (y/N): y  
 +Enter a dnsName of the subject of the certificate: serverX.example.com
 </code> </code>
  
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 <code bash> <code bash>
-# make gtls driver the default $DefaultNetstreamDriver gtls+# make gtls driver the default  
 +$DefaultNetstreamDriver gtls
  
-# certificate files $DefaultNetstreamDriverCAFile /etc/rsyslog-keys/ca.pem $DefaultNetstreamDriverCertFile /etc/rsyslog-keys/serverX-cert.pem $DefaultNetstreamDriverKeyFile /etc/rsyslog-keys/serverX-key.pem+# certificate files  
 +$DefaultNetstreamDriverCAFile /etc/rsyslog-keys/ca.pem  
 +$DefaultNetstreamDriverCertFile /etc/rsyslog-keys/serverX-cert.pem  
 +$DefaultNetstreamDriverKeyFile /etc/rsyslog-keys/serverX-key.pem
  
 $ModLoad imtcp # load TCP listener $ModLoad imtcp # load TCP listener
  
-$InputTCPServerStreamDriverMode 1 # run driver in TLS-only mode $InputTCPServerStreamDriverAuthMode anon # client is NOT authenticated $InputTCPServerRun 6514 # listen on port 6514+$InputTCPServerStreamDriverMode 1 # run driver in TLS-only mode  
 +$InputTCPServerStreamDriverAuthMode anon # client is NOT authenticated  
 +$InputTCPServerRun 6514 # listen on port 6514
 </code> </code>
  
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 <code bash> <code bash>
-# certificate files - just CA for a client $DefaultNetstreamDriverCAFile /etc/rsyslog-keys/ca.pem+# certificate files - just CA for a client  
 +$DefaultNetstreamDriverCAFile /etc/rsyslog-keys/ca.pem
  
-# set up the action $DefaultNetstreamDriver gtls  +# set up the action  
-# use gtls netstream driver $ActionSendStreamDriverMode 1  +$DefaultNetstreamDriver gtls # use gtls netstream driver  
-# require TLS for the connection $ActionSendStreamDriverAuthMode anon  +$ActionSendStreamDriverMode 1 # require TLS for the connection  
-# server is NOT authenticated //.// @@(o)serverX.example.com:6514 # send (all) messages+$ActionSendStreamDriverAuthMode anon # server is NOT authenticated  
 +*.* @@(o)serverX.example.com:6514 # send (all) messages
 </code> </code>
  
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 The trace command is probably useful (Example for date): The trace command is probably useful (Example for date):
  
-<code>+<code bash>
 autrace /bin/date autrace /bin/date
 Waiting to execute: /bin/date Waiting to execute: /bin/date
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 Using ''--line-numbers'' option is useful, if you have to delete or add a rule on the proper position: Using ''--line-numbers'' option is useful, if you have to delete or add a rule on the proper position:
  
-<code>+<code bash>
 Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
 num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination num   pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination
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 A very basic example script to initialize ''iptables'': A very basic example script to initialize ''iptables'':
  
-<code>+<code bash>
 iptables -F iptables -F
 iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
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 To delete a rule: To delete a rule:
  
-<code>+<code bash>
 iptables -D INPUT 11 iptables -D INPUT 11
 </code> </code>
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 To add a rule (insert): To add a rule (insert):
  
-<code>+<code bash>
 iptables -I INPUT 11 iptables -I INPUT 11
 </code> </code>
  
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  • Last modified: 2019/02/07 17:31
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