Git versioning short how-to

• Show all files in repo:

  git ls-files

• Show all config files:

  git config --list --show-origin

• Example output of above command:

  file:/Users/dani/.gitconfig diff.renames=true
  file:/Users/dani/.gitconfig user.name=Daniel Steiner
  file:/Users/dani/.gitconfig user.email=daniel.steiner@greenmail.ch
  file:/Users/dani/.gitconfig help.autocorrect=1
  file:/Users/dani/.gitconfig color.ui=true
  file:/Users/dani/.gitconfig pager.diff=diff-so-fancy | less --tabs=4 -RFX --pattern '^(Date|added|deleted|modified): '
  file:/Users/dani/.gitconfig alias.patch=!git --no-pager diff --no-color
  file:.git/config    core.repositoryformatversion=0
  file:.git/config    core.filemode=true
  file:.git/config    core.bare=false
  file:.git/config    core.logallrefupdates=true
  file:.git/config    core.ignorecase=true
  file:.git/config    core.precomposeunicode=true
  file:.git/config    remote.origin.url=ssh://dev.daniel-steiner.org/srv/git/kvm.git
  file:.git/config    remote.origin.fetch=+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
  file:.git/config    branch.master.remote=origin
  file:.git/config    branch.master.merge=refs/heads/master

• An example of $HOME/.gitconfig file:

  # Our diff algorithm
  [diff]
  #  external = /usr/local/bin/ksdiff
  #  external = /opt/local/bin/icdiff
    renames = true
  [user]
      name = Daniel Steiner
      email = daniel.steiner@greenmail.ch
  [help]
    autocorrect = 1
  [color]
    ui = true
  [pager]
    diff = diff-so-fancy | less --tabs=4 -RFX --pattern '^(Date|added|deleted|modified): '
  [alias]
    patch = !git --no-pager diff --no-color

• List files in local repository

  git ls-files -m -d -u -c

• List all remote branches and their states:

  git remote -v update
  Fetching origin
  From ssh://dev.daniel-steiner.org/srv/git/shell
   = [up to date]      master     -> origin/master
   = [up to date]      from_svn   -> origin/from_svn

  ||This deletes all *.scpt files from git, but not from filesystem!|

• Corresponding .gitignore file:

  *.scpt

• Deleting cache for all scpt extensions (current directory!):

  git rm --cached *.scpt

• Searching for all changes in example.txt file:

  git log --follow example.txt

• Output of search:

  1e733 Fact regular expression replaced by YAML configuration array
  c5af0 Ingoring host, if no facts gotten from Satellite, hoios-6.9 added in config
  c9f856 op5server multidimensional array added, script checks now for this op5 servers.
  b67b7f2 Now, the hilti_hiera_tier fact must match for the host sync
  a794cb6 All Windows line feeds are now in UNIX format
  f818aa5 YAML configuration definition changed from hostgroups to os_to_hostgroups
  cced6b2 Now hostgroups are supported for changes. New config section added in YAML files for the hostgroups
  f97ea6 Init of all my scripts

• Show the first 8 log entries (commits):

  git log --oneline master~8..master
   
  56ec4 History setting changed.
  a1e8076 Check for directory added.
  b9ba4c2 New script for pushing ahead versions to server
  a2c1f Tarball creation fixed (excludes)
  4172a New script for homedir symlinks to BigLacie
  ba549a2 Keep days now 7
  96f7f New Twig syntax file for Twig extention
  02d81 Improvements in bolt scripts for backup and update/install

• Show the commits from the third to fifth:

  git log --oneline master~5..master~2
   
  b9ba4c2 New script for pushing ahead versions to server
  a2c1f Tarball creation fixed (excludes)
  4172a New script for homedir symlinks to BigLacie

• Show diff of given two version for a file:

  git diff -r 55c5af0 cced6b2 <file>

• The same, but showing diff(s) in a configured difftool:

  git difftool -r 55c5af0 cced6b2 <file>

• Show staged diffs:

  git diff --cached

If you want to generate a patch for any changes from any previous commit, you can use git log to list it.

• Show log and the path for one commit (-1):

  git log -1 -p --follow profile/.vimrc

• Show log and the path for two commit, between commits 8b808f3 and 496f837:

  git log -2 -p 8b808f3 496f837 --follow profile/
   
  commit 8b808f3226fa7c72f24725c401e5789a1423ebd1
  Author: Daniel Steiner <dsteiner@redhat.com>
  Date:   Fri Mar 31 13:23:07 2017 +0200
   
      History variables only exported ones
   
  diff --git a/profile/.danirc b/profile/.danirc
  index ffe1c4b..e4f06b9 100644
  --- a/profile/.danirc
  +++ b/profile/.danirc
  @@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ fi
   export PERLIO=stdio
   # history in bash options:
   shopt -s histappend
  -export HISTSIZE=10000
  -export HISTCONTROL=erasedups
  -export HISTTIMEFORMAT='[%d.%m.%Y-%T] '
  +HISTSIZE=10000
  +HISTCONTROL=erasedups
  +HISTTIMEFORMAT='[%d.%m.%Y-%T] '
  +export HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL HISTTIMEFORMAT
   
  commit d1f35258ea458bbd8c3ad581a5302f99ff5d12a3
  Author: Daniel Steiner <dsteiner@redhat.com>
  Date:   Thu Mar 30 15:32:28 2017 +0200
   
      History time added
   
  diff --git a/profile/.danirc b/profile/.danirc
  index d18ac8f..ffe1c4b 100644
  --- a/profile/.danirc
  +++ b/profile/.danirc
  @@ -49,3 +49,4 @@ export PERLIO=stdio
   shopt -s histappend
   export HISTSIZE=10000
   export HISTCONTROL=erasedups
  +export HISTTIMEFORMAT='[%d.%m.%Y-%T] '

It’s possible to get a file from a different branch or checkin. First go into the directory and branch, you want to add or change the file. Now, you can get the content of the desired file:

• Get the file from commit 8b808f3:

  git checkout 8b808f3 <relative_path_to_file_or_dir> (1)
  git checkout <remote_name>/<branch_name> <file_or_dir> (2)

• To get the content and write that into a file, use this command:

  git show 8b808f3:<relative_path_to_file_or_dir> > <new_file>

• To list, which is the proper file and path, use ´ls-tree´:

  git ls-tree -r --name-only 8b808f3
   
  profile/git-needs-action.sh
  profile/multitail-emerge.conf
  profile/multitail.conf
  ps3videoenc.sh

Sometimes you need to get an older version of a file. Here this procedure is shown.

• Get the proper commit hash:

  git log --oneline --follow scss/_settings.scss
  c5b0c96 First green layout finished
  36614 Daily work finished
  bec017 Initial setup including script to get no git managed files from owncloud folder

Assuming, you want to get the version of hash 8bec017.

• Restoring defined version of file:

  git checkout 8bec017 -- scss/_settings.scss